In this lesson, students experiment with materials designed to illuminate the rise of intelligent and complex behavior from simple rules and seemingly unintelligent agents. Students begin by studying a model of Langton's ant, a simple Turing machine with some surprising emergent behavior. The students manipulate artificial neurons, called perceptrons, and neural networks. Students design and conduct their own experiments on a model of their own choosing using Monte Carlo methods. Students explore the generation and observation of fractals and study a diffusion-limited aggregation model for producing fractal behavior.